Apple and pear attention to penicillosis during storage

    Apple and pear penicillium are commonly known as water rot and mildew. They are a common invasive disease during storage, which can cause a large loss of apples and pears.

 

    First, the symptoms are characterized. The surface of the lesion is yellowish white, concave, round, and the fruit rots and expands into a conical shape. The condition develops rapidly when the condition is appropriate, and the whole fruit rots more than 10 days after the onset of the disease .

 

    Second, the incidence of law. The pathogen is invaded by mechanical manipulation and wounds caused by insects. When the diseased fruit is mixed, it can be contacted and spread. When the air is humid, a small nodular mold is produced, which is white at first, then turns into a turquoise color, and is covered with powder, that is, conidia of the pathogen. Penicillium is resistant to low temperatures, and the disease can still slowly expand when the storage temperature is close to 0 °C. The disease spreads rapidly when the initial and final temperatures are high.

 

    Third, prevention and treatment methods. 1. Avoid mechanical damage. This is one of the important measures to prevent the disease. Prevent stab wounds, crushes, and bruises during harvesting, grading, packaging, and handling. 2. Sterilization in the storage place. The storage site is sterilized prior to storage. It can be treated with acetaldehyde, and acetaldehyde is treated at a concentration of 0.5% in air for 180 minutes. 3. Pharmacy fruit. Use 25% carbendazim WP 1000 times solution, soak the fruit after harvesting, ie immerse it, no more than 1 minute. If 500 times 2 , 4-D butyl ester is added to the medicine , not only can the fruit immersion effect be improved, but also the freshness can be preserved.

 

    ( Source: Gansu Farmers' Report )