Construction Process and Supervision Points of Granite Exterior Wall Granite veneer is an advanced decorative material. It is commonly used in the decoration of foyers, lobbies, exterior walls, floors, wall skirts, waistlines, diligent feet and cylinders of hotels, restaurants, high-grade residences, high-end commercial offices, monumental buildings, etc. With its decorative surface shows a solemn, noble luxury, but the cost is high. Granite is a widely distributed volcanic rock with a hard texture and a hardness of 6-7. It consists mainly of grains of quartz, feldspar, and mica. High density, high strength, good durability, good weathering resistance, wear resistance and acid resistance. According to the crystal grain size, it can be divided into three kinds: crystal, coarse crystal and fine crystal. High-quality granite has fine and uniform crystal grains, less mica and more quartz. Coarse-grained and fine-grained granite blocks can be processed into thin, smooth, or mirror-like surfaces with good results. Bright and colorful, with dark blue, purple, light gray, black, with even black and white points. Granite in our country has many varieties and a wide range of origins. According to the use and processing methods, the differences in processing procedures can be divided into the following four: pickaxe plate, planer plate, coarse Grinding plate, polished plate. The length of the side of the building in this project is about 150 meters, and the height of 25 floors is about 80 meters. Five buildings are a group. For its exterior finishes, the volume is very large. With a light gray granite finish, the wall section is partitioned and separated by dark-cyan granites. The entire building is elegant and elegant, with greenery, gardening, and fountains, giving people a comfortable living environment. It is worth noting that from the beginning of the block, the raw materials with the same color should be selected. For a small amount of color difference, they should be installed separately on different facades to ensure the same color with the facade. In the strict control of color, found that when the color difference is not blindly mining and processing. Also determine the color standard, from the construction, design, construction and supervision units to determine the template, with two colors closer as the upper and lower limits of color, the color difference between them are acceptable. In the process of Stone processing, it can be numbered and archived according to the depth and number, and all parties involved in the construction work together to study the use of parts in the building and minimize the color difference. At this time, the position of the granite in each part of the supervision before the construction of the external wall should be clearly understood, check the quality of perception of the color difference of the granite in the same section and supervise the construction party to control the overall color difference. There are three common construction methods for granite: wet process, dry process, and GPC process. The first kind: Wet process is our traditional practice. The practice is to add steel mesh to the wall, then use copper wire to hold the stone, and finally inject cement mortar. Its biggest drawback is that it is prone to water stains and discoloration of stones to form chromatic aberrations. Second: Dry process is now more commonly used. Although the construction cost was slightly higher due to the large number of stainless steel pin hangers, its appearance improved significantly, and the disadvantages of the wet operation were avoided. Generally, 4mm pins are used to fix and connect the upper and lower stones, and 5-6mm holes are drilled along the thickness of the stones. After the pins are inserted, viscose is injected. The disadvantage is that this pendant is weak in earthquake resistance and easily damaged in earthquakes. Craftsmanship is complex and requires high construction requirements. It is not easy to be foolproof. Recently, some projects have changed the drilling and drilling pins into slotted arc card pendants or other forms of pendants, which has greatly improved the reliability and shock-absorbing ability of the granite exterior finishes. This project uses this process. There are two ways to fix the pendant and the outer wall: the Concrete wall without thermal insulation layer can be fixed to the concrete outer wall directly through the expansion bolts. The external wall surface that needs to be used as the external thermal insulation layer is generally made of steel skeleton fixed pendants, and the thermal insulation material can be firmly fixed on the steel skeleton at the same time to prevent the thermal insulation material from sliding down. Steel skeletons should generally be treated with rust-proof steel. Although the cost is high, they are more reliable. It is best to fix the steel skeleton on the concrete wall without using expansion bolts. The most reliable method is to weld the steel skeleton to the embedded part of the concrete component. This project uses the former form and method without insulation. Stainless steel expansion screws, stainless steel fasteners, M10 bolts, stainless steel plates, stainless steel 5mm pins, these components constitute a set of empty hanging connection units. A number of connection units are used to reliably fix the stone slab on the concrete outer wall. The self-weight of the stone slab is not transmitted to each other, but is transmitted to the concrete outer wall through the connection unit. Since this project is a high-rise building, the outer foot and the outer foot can be integrally lifted. The hands are three floors high and the structure is capped and parked in the highest section of the main building. Therefore, the granite outside the house changed the conventional practice of construction from the bottom to the top, and the reverse construction method was used, that is, from top to bottom. At this time, the supervisors must check and accept raw materials such as pins and pendants to check their factory qualification certificates and quality inspection reports. The quality of the pendant is directly related to the reliability and safety of the exterior wall. The work flow is explained in detail as follows: The working face follows the overall pin down, and at the same time, every three layers of the external pincer is used as a construction section, and the granite in each construction section is normally constructed from the bottom up. Pay attention to all aspects of vertical control and the connection between segments. The straightness of control verticality and yin and yang angle can be firstly located on the outer wall surface of the structural concrete from the top to the bottom and the length of the steel wire is pulled. According to the long line of the system, positioning marks are made on each construction section to prepare the overall footer. When the steel wire of the commander is damaged during the descent, the positioning marks on each construction section can be used to control the construction of the section. In this way, although the outer wall is constructed in sections, it guarantees that the length of the yin and yang angles is vertical and flat. At this time, the supervisor shall recheck the positioning mark, and the unqualified positioning mark shall be corrected or redone to ensure horizontal and vertical flatness. The special feature of this project is the connection and installation of the last row of each construction section and the top row of the next construction section. According to the above construction sequence, the top row of stone slabs in the next construction period is actually the problem of how to insert them. The method is to saw out the 25mm long steel pin originally projected from the bottom row of the bottommost slate in the above construction section, and drill another hole at the bottom side with a depth of 50mm, which is equivalent to the length of a full length pin. A hole depth of 25mm is corresponding to the position corresponding to the side of the stone plate to be inlaid, which corresponds to 1/2 the length of the long pin. The underside of the inlaid stone plate is drilled to a depth of 25 mm corresponding to the 25 mm long steel pin protruding from the top side of the lower row of stone plates. The stone plate is then installed on the steel pin protruding from the top side of the lower row of stone plates. At this time, the 50mm long steel pins are all penetrated into the 50mm deep hole on the bottom side of the upper row of stone plates and embedded in the stone plate. The steel pins freely fall into the 25mm deep hole of the top of the lower panel with their own weight, and are fixed in position and fixed with an adhesive. This completes the entire mosaic slate process. This is repeated until it is completed. Mosaic stone processing should be completed in batches, unified processing, to ensure the yield. Good processing will benefit the installation. At this time, the supervisor shall conduct measurement and supervision of the position and hole depth of the finished product, and may use it only after being qualified. During the installation, the construction unit should be urged to conduct self-inspection first to ensure that the granite is firmly installed, and the supervision is to take occasional spot checks to prevent the occurrence of looseness. This is followed by the repair and cleaning of the external granite after the hanging. The common problem of granite is the missing corner burst. Therefore, the construction process should minimize secondary handling and reduce mutual collisions. For some minor damage, the same type of granite can be used to grind into powder, and the binder can be used to adjust the color difference so as to be close to the color of the parent material, and then repaired at the deficient position. After being dried, the surface can be polished with 200 grinding wheels. If the base material is spotted, spotted pigments should be added on the outer surface of the repair site to make it realistic. Finally, elaborate on the third: GPC process. GPC process is the development of dry process. It is a kind of composite board that is made of reinforced concrete as lining board, granite as veneer board, connected by stainless steel connecting ring, and finally cast into a whole. It is suitable for large-scale construction of factory. ), and then hung on the structure (reinforced concrete or steel structure) by means of connectors. The thickness of the part of the lining board that is connected with the structure is increased. This flexible node can be used in a high-rise building to meet the seismic requirements. In addition to adopting traditional wet process technology, China has also developed and adopted wet process improvement and dry process improvement (GPC) to solve corrosion, hollowing, and cracks in connectors that exist in traditional wet processes. Shedding and other issues. No further details will be given here. The above describes the characteristics of granite and its three common construction schemes. For general buildings, in order to be economical, practical and beautiful, granite finishes (especially polished granite finishes) can also be used to see the effect in close proximity. It is advisable to use high-rise buildings with granite under three floors. Facing, more than three floors or auxiliary building can use imitation stone tile or imitation stone coating exterior finish. It is required to achieve the same color tone and the same block size to achieve the spurious effect. In summary, granite is a high-quality decorative material that can be widely used. Its dry decorative construction process is a mature and effective construction process. Supervisors need to master and develop the main points of construction supervision in practice. Finally, we hope that granite and its dry construction technology will become more scientific and progressive with the development of processing technology and construction technology. Wall construction stainless steel decorative residential cement coating DONGYAN INTERNATIONAL CO LTD , https://www.topcutools.com