Edible mushroom cultivation technical measures

Key to mushroom cultivation in high temperature weather

The temperature rises day by day, and the technical requirements for mushroom cultivation are getting higher and higher. In order to cultivate good mushrooms in the hot season, you need to grasp the following three technical aspects.

Choose a suitable high temperature strain. At present, the mushroom strains that are more resistant to high temperatures include Xincheng 96 and Su Mushroom No.1. Among them, the temperature of Xincheng 96 is 18-36 °C, and the optimal temperature for the bacteria is 25-33 °C. The temperature of the mushroom is 20-36 ° C, and the optimum temperature of the mushroom is 24-33 ° C. It is the most resistant strain at present. The biggest advantage of this strain is that the mushroom does not change color after 2-3 days of harvesting, it is not easy to open the umbrella, and it is easy to keep fresh. The disadvantage is that the hyphae develops slowly and the decomposition power is weak, and the quality of the culture material is high. It is more suitable to plant in May-June and mushroom in June-September. The temperature of the mushroom is 10 - 35 ° C, the optimum temperature for the bacteria is 20-30 ° C, the temperature of the mushroom is 10 - 35 ° C, and the optimum temperature for the mushroom is 15 - 32 ° C. This strain has strong viability, rapid growth, and early mushrooming. Suitable for planting in March-April, and mushrooming in April-July.

The substrate fermentation temperature is kept off. Choose a place with a high base temperature and a strong moisturizing effect, such as a plastic greenhouse to build a heap of fermentation. The nutrient ratio and formula and preparation method of the fermented material are the same as those of the autumn mushroom culture material. In order to increase the temperature of the material, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside is small, and it is necessary to use a warming agent to increase the temperature during the construction. The temperature of the material generally reaches 60-65 ° C on the fifth day of the heap. Calculate the time from the material temperature of 60 ° C, the first turn after 7 days; then when the temperature of the material drops, turn over every 5-6 days. When the culture material is brown, elastic, non-sticky, and has no odor, it can be inoculated.

Control and control, control pests and diseases. The main pests that harm high-temperature mushrooms are mushroom mosquitoes, spring worms and mites, and the disease is pecan-like bacteria. The most effective method for controlling the pests and diseases during the period is to use the chemical mixture: every 100 kg of culture material is cultivated with high-temperature edible fungus, and the insect-repellent mixture is sprayed with 10 kg of water, 10 kg of water, and then inoculated while spraying. In addition to the above measures, the following measures should be taken:

1. Prevention and control of pests. After covering the soil, combined with spraying the mushroom water, the water is mixed with the mushroom insecticide 1000 times liquid and the 1000 times solution of the mixture agent to control the insect pests. When the temperature rises above 20 °C and the mushroom mosquitoes move on the mushroom bed, the insects are sprayed with the mushroom or the cypermethrin. It is necessary to spray the skin around the mushroom bed, the wall surface and the ground to effectively kill the adult and reduce the number of the next generation of larvae.

2. Prevention and treatment of diseases. The spores of the pecan bacterium are from the soil. To effectively control the disease, first of all, do not use the soil that has been applied to the waste material, but should dig the middle layer of the soil into the paddy field, crush and dry, before use 5 It is sprayed with 500 times of liquid in the mushroom, and then used for 5 days after spraying. In the mushrooming period, if there are irregularities in the soil surface and the surrounding mushrooms are reduced, it is necessary to open the soil surface to inspect the culture materials in time. If the culture material is discolored and has different sputum, there may be pecan meaty bacteria. When it is determined, the soil and culture materials of the bacteria should be removed in time, and the mushroom mixture 300 times liquid and mushroom bacterium should be re-sprayed in the affected area. 100 times liquid, let it dry naturally after spraying. After 1 week, the soil is replenished with water.