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Specific methods: sprinkle ground straw or wheat straw (1 kg in 1 square meter) and lime nitrogen (0.1 kg in 1 square meter) on the surface, mix well with the soil (rotate twice with rotary tillage), ridge (ridge width) 60 cm, 40 cm high), covered with mulch, water in the ditch, sealed facilities and greenhouses. During the daytime, the surface temperature can reach 70 °C, and the temperature of 20 cm deep soil is 40-50 °C for 20-30 days, which can play the role of soil disinfection and salt reduction.
For plots with less than 20 cm of soil ploughing, soil slabs with heavy salinization, or root worms, which are more common in sheds, the soil must be deep-turned 30-40 cm before being disinfected. After the lime nitrogen, straw (wheat straw or corn stalk, or duck dung, the remaining grass slag, fresh melon beans, smashed), use rotary tillage twice, then ridge and cover the mulch (closed as strict as possible) , watering, sealing the greenhouse, steaming at high temperatures. Disinfection time can be from mid-June to the end of August. The higher the temperature, the better the insecticidal and sterilizing effect.
For wards and diseases where pests and pests are not too serious, or only dead cockroaches without root-knot nematodes, or sheds that have been strictly disinfected in the previous year, simple method can be adopted, and ridge-and-ridge alternate no-till method: deepen the original aisle 30 to 40 cm, the depth of the ditch is 25 to 30 cm, and the vegetable mash (including the diseased plant residue) is 2,000 to 3,000 kg/mu, or other straw (dry straw 600 to 1000 kg), etc., and the organic matter. Lime nitrogen (per 50 kg/mu) is applied to the ditch together with the organic fertilizer for the lower crop, and is backfilled at the same time as the ridge back soil. After leveling, the lime nitrogen is applied again (every 15 kg/mu), then Cover the original ridge back soil to form a new ridge back, the original back becomes a ditch. Cover the mulch film, water, and shed for about 20 days. Pay attention to the cleaning of the shed film, maintain good light transmission and improve the disinfection effect. Uncover the film for 5 to 7 days, according to the sputum can be directly planted under the sorghum crop (soul, bean, heat-resistant cabbage, etc.), if planting summer and autumn 茬 crops do not need to apply other fertilizers can be directly planted. If disinfected in August and September, it is better to use the new shed film for good light transmission and obvious disinfection effect.
In addition, in the breeding of seedlings to prevent the infection of pathogenic bacteria, we must do a good job of disinfection of seedbed soil, or no soil seedlings. Bed soil disinfection using St. Tai nursery special disinfectant (lime nitrogen), 1 cubic meter per kilogram of disinfection bed soil, disinfectant and soil mixed, stacked, thin film with a thin cover for 7 to 10 days, can be loaded with nutrition after a little drying钵 seedlings. At the time of planting, the application of biological bacterial fertilizer, or the use of Kejingkang, OS-Stering for root irrigation or spraying, to promote root growth better. If avermectin is inoculated once in the more common area of ​​root-knot nematode, it will prevent the seedling from re-infecting during the transplanting operation, and the effect is better.
Lime nitrogen chemical name: calcium cyanamide, the fertilizer applied to the soil for more than 80 days, can effectively release the effective nitrogen evenly, to meet the needs of most crops, because it is not easy to leaching in a special form, it can Prevent soil acidification, improve soil structure, and all the active ingredients are decomposed into nitrogen and calcium which are not absorbed by crops. After use, it can reduce the use of other disinfectants, and can replace insecticides and fungicides. Lime nitrogen produces cyanamide and dicyandiamide in water, which has good insecticidal and sterilizing effects. In the cultivation of melons and fruit crops, the nitrogen fertilizer and calcium fertilizer in the base fertilizer should be reduced by 50%, otherwise the nutrient growth will be too strong (the scorpion is long, the cucurbitaceae crops, etc.), thereby saving production costs. The effect of preventing adverse effects caused by continuous cropping obstacles is particularly significant, generally increasing yield by more than 20%.
Note: Vegetable farmers should wear masks, work clothes, and stay away from livestock living areas. Do not drink alcoholic beverages within 24 hours to avoid adverse chemical reactions such as chest tightness and suffocation. If you are poisoned or mistreated, do not induce vomiting, you can drink plenty of water. If you are in contact with the skin, take off contaminated clothing, wash your skin, accidentally plunge into your eyes, rinse with plenty of water, or seek medical attention as soon as possible.
How to improve the disinfection effect of the protected area
The use of existing land for protected land production is an effective measure to increase the value of production. In order to promote the production of pollution-free standardized vegetables and modernize the vegetable industry, farmers will increase production and income. Soil-borne diseases in greenhouses or solar greenhouses that have been planted for more than three years are becoming more and more serious. Fungal diseases, bacterial diseases, root-knot nematode diseases, soil compaction, acidification, and some plants cannot be found after death. Actually, soil salts Salt damage caused by waterlogging. In order to solve these problems, it is necessary to use lime nitrogen (calcium cyanamide) to disinfect the soil during summer leisure activities. It is necessary to use the summer high temperature + lime nitrogen (calcium cyanamide-trade name soil purifying agent) + straw for soil disinfection. . This method has been written into the “Working Regulations for the Production of Pollution-free Vegetables in Sunlight Greenhouses†by the Shandong Provincial Local Standards Law.
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