If the fruit trees are fertilized in the autumn, don't "one shell"

The so-called fertilization “one shelling” refers to the application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer in the fall and the fruit tree is applied once, and no fertilizer is applied in other seasons. Why does the fruit tree not advocate fertilization? It is because this method of fertilization does not meet the characteristics of the fruit tree's anniversary.

Generally, the northern deciduous fruit trees are crops with a long growth cycle. The absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is the peak of nitrogen absorption in spring. The fruit expansion period after fruit setting is potassium before harvesting. At the peak of absorption, the absorption of phosphorus was relatively flat during the anniversary without a significant peak period. In view of the characteristics of this fertilizer requirement, it is not appropriate to apply the inorganic fertilizer to the fruit tree at any time. For example, in the autumn, if the nitrogen and potassium fertilizers needed for the whole year of the fruit tree are mixed with the organic fertilizer, the nitrogen and potassium absorption peaks are not applied at this time, and the applied nitrogen and potassium are for the fruit trees. Excessive, the inorganic nutrients that the fruit trees can't use will be fixed or lost in the soil. In the next year, the demand for nitrogen or potassium in the fruit trees will be insufficient. Therefore, this method of fertilization not only causes waste, but also detrimental to the growth of fruit trees. For fruit trees, for every 100 kilograms of fruit produced, there is a scientifically determined reasonable absorption ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. According to this ratio, considering the absorption rate and the proportion of loss of fertilizer, it is possible to give a variety of inorganic The amount of fertilizer applied. However, this amount of fertilization is not the amount applied to the fruit trees at one time, but refers to the amount of fertilizer applied to the fruit trees throughout the year. Fertilization of fruit trees should refer to the fertilization amount and the characteristics of nutrient requirements of fruit trees in different periods of the year, and focus on the application of fertilizers of different compositions in stages. For example, in the spring, about 60% of the annual nitrogen fertilizer should be applied, and in the summer, about 80% of the annual potash should be applied, and so on. The reason for this kind of fertilization is very simple, that is, the fruit trees need to be fattened. Only the understanding of the fertilizer characteristics of fruit trees, whether it is underground fertilization or foliar fertilizer, can achieve the purpose of less dosage and good effect.

Some fruit farmers fertilize “one shelling”, which confuses the characteristics of organic fertilizer with the characteristics of inorganic fertilizer. Organic fertilizers are generally required to be applied after harvesting fruit trees because the fertilizer efficiency of organic fertilizers is relatively long-lasting. The main purpose of applying organic fertilizers is to improve the soil growth environment of fruit trees, so that the roots of fruit trees are developed and the trees are strong, so organic fertilizer can be used once. Sexually applied. Inorganic fertilizers are characterized by quick effect of fertilizer efficiency and short duration. Therefore, it is best to apply them according to the requirements of fertilizer requirements in different periods of fruit trees in a year.

(Li Xinsheng)