At present, crystalline silicon materials (including polycrystalline silicon and monocrystalline silicon) are the most important photovoltaic materials, and their market share is over 90%, and it is still the mainstream material for solar cells for a long period of time in the future. The production technology of polysilicon materials has long been in the hands of 10 factories of 7 companies in three countries including the United States, Japan and Germany, forming a situation of technical blockade and market monopoly. The demand for polysilicon is mainly from semiconductors and solar cells. According to different purity requirements, it is divided into electronic grade and solar grade. Among them, for electronic grade polysilicon accounted for about 55%, solar grade polysilicon accounted for 45%, with the rapid development of photovoltaic industry, the growth rate of solar cell demand for polysilicon is higher than the development of semiconductor polysilicon, it is expected that by 2008 solar polysilicon Demand will exceed electronic grade polysilicon. In 1994, the total output of solar cells in the world was only 69 MW, and in 2004 it was close to 1200 MW, which increased by 17 times in just 10 years. Experts predict that the solar photovoltaic industry will surpass nuclear power as one of the most important basic energy sources in the first half of the 21st century. It is reported that the US Department of Energy plans to install a total installed capacity of 4,600 MW by 2010, Japan plans to reach 5,000 MW in 2010, and the European Union plans to reach 6,900 MW. It is estimated that the world's cumulative installed capacity in 2010 will be at least 18,000 MW. From the above speculative analysis, to 2010, the polysilicon for solar cells is at least 30,000 tons or more. Table 2 gives the prediction of the world solar polysilicon process. According to foreign data analysis, the world's polysilicon production in 2005 was 28,750 tons, of which 20,250 tons were semiconductor grade, 8500 tons were solar grade, and the demand for semiconductor grade was about 19,000 tons, slightly surplus; the demand for solar energy was 15,000 tons. In short supply, there has been a gap in demand for solar-grade and semiconductor-grade polysilicon since 2006, with a larger solar-power capacity gap. According to the Japan Rare Metals magazine reported on November 24, 2005, the demand for world semiconductors and solar polysilicon is tight, mainly due to the rapid expansion of the European-centered solar market. It is expected that the imbalance of polysilicon supply in 2006 will intensify in 2006. The difference between the semiconductor grade and the solar grade in the price of polysilicon will be gradually reduced or even eliminated. In 2005, the world solar cell production was about 1 GW. If the 1 MW polysilicon is 12 tons, the total demand for polysilicon is 12,000 tons. The world 2005-2010 The average annual growth rate of solar cells is 25%. By 2010, the total annual demand for semiconductors for solar cell polysilicon will exceed 63,000 tons. The world's major polysilicon producers include Tokuyama, Mitsubishi, Sumitomo, Hitler, Asimi, SGS, MEMC, and Wacker in Germany. The annual production capacity is mostly over 1,000 tons, including Tokuyama, Hemlock, and Wacker. The company has the largest production scale, with an annual production capacity of 3,000-5,000 tons.
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