The Fraunhofer Institute in Fraunhofer, Germany, has developed an off-grid photovoltaic solution that can maximize the power supply while minimizing the need for storage solutions. In rural areas and developing countries, the potential for off-grid PV system applications is enormous. However, the initial cost is an obstacle to the wider use of off-grid systems. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) have developed an energy management system that optimizes the use of electricity generated by concentrator photovoltaic systems, thus avoiding the use of expensive batteries. In a farm demonstration project in southern Egypt, a concentrated photovoltaic installation system (CPV) was installed for electric irrigation systems to pump water from deep wells. Solar thermal power systems (CSPs) also need electricity to track the movement of the sun and optimize daylight hours. Fraunhofer's energy management system can monitor the amount of energy produced and then ensure that it is delivered to the equipment that needs it most. Alexander Schies of Fraunhofer ISE stated: "We can eliminate expensive storage media by maximizing the use of generated energy immediately." To illustrate this, a submersible pump, for example, is 105 feet deep and can be used to fill reservoirs when energy is available and can be used as an irrigation pump or desalination device at other times. Only a relatively small battery is needed to ensure that the CPV tracking and measurement system maintains power. Schoko's colleague Jakob Wachtel explained: "This small battery will be used to align the CPV components in the morning and their morning position." Technically, all components of the irrigation system have microcontrollers to inform the energy control system of their location. ISE has developed a Universal Energy Supply Protocol (UESP) to facilitate this communication and at the same time make the communication of energy levels more convenient. The USEP will be integrated into the CANopen protocol, which is typically used for automation technology. Schies said: "All the systems that work under this type of agreement, as long as they are equipped with devices that can "understand" the CANopen or UESP protocols, can be expanded at any time - and thus completely separated from the manufacturer. This is very practical value. , especially when defective parts must be replaced, this can further save system costs and simplify maintenance procedures." Stainless Steel Electric Moka Maker Stainless Steel Moka Coffee Pot,Stainless Steel Electric Moka Zone Coffee Machine,Stainless Steel Electric Moka Urn,Stainless Steel Electric Moka Pot Ningbo DeNeu Imp. & Exp. Co., Ltd , https://www.deneucn.com