Panasonic achieved the world's highest value of crystalline silicon solar cell conversion efficiency of 25.6%, which is measured by the Japan Industrial Technology Research Institute. The previous highest value was 25.0%, which was set by the University of New South Wales (UNSW) in March 1999 and has been maintained for 15 years. UNSW's record was achieved in small units with an area of ​​only 4cm2, and Panasonic was implemented on a practical size unit of 143.7cm2, which is obviously different from UNSW. For the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon solar cells with an area of ​​more than 100cm2, the previous highest value was 24.7% released by Panasonic in February 2013, and the cell area was 101.8cm2. In order to increase conversion efficiency, Matsushita decided to substantially change the traditional battery cell structure. The company has previously adopted a cell structure inherited from the Sanyo Electric Machinery era, that is, a "heterojunction" in which an amorphous silicon layer is formed on the light-receiving surface and the back surface of a silicon wafer, and electrodes are arranged on the light-receiving surface and the back surface. In this case, the heterojunction on the back surface is preserved and the back contact structure of the light receiving surface electrode is removed. This structure can prevent the electrodes on the light-receiving surface from blocking the incident light, and therefore can increase the amount of current. The short-circuit current density was increased to 41.8 mA/cm2, and the short-circuit current density of the unit released by Panasonic in February 2013 was 39.5 mA/cm2. On the other hand, perhaps due to the removal of the amorphous silicon layer on the light-receiving surface, or because of changes in cell thickness, the open-circuit voltage, which can be affected by carrier recombination losses, has been reduced from 0.75V to 0.74V, and the fill factor has also been from 0.832. Drop to 0.827. With the back contact structure, although the conversion efficiency of the battery unit is improved, a corresponding price is also paid, that is, the structural symmetry of the light receiving surface and the back surface is lost. Since the structure of the light-receiving surface and the back surface of the Panasonic previous battery cell is symmetrical, there is an advantage that the warping phenomenon is less when the cell thickness is reduced. The company used this advantage to obtain a lot of research results on thin units with a thickness of only about 100 μm. If the thickness of the unit can be reduced, material costs can be reduced. In the back contact structure, the structure of the light receiving surface and the back surface is different from each other, so that it is generally unfavorable to reduce the thickness of the cell. In addition, the thickness of the unit that achieved 25.6% conversion efficiency is currently not disclosed. In related research in Japan, Sharp, like Panasonic, is also vigorously developing a structure that fuses heterojunctions and back contacts. In other countries, LG Electronics and other companies have published relevant technologies in the society. Sharp, in contrast to Panasonic, applied the back contact structure to its products and began to devote itself to the development of fusion with heterojunctions, thereby rapidly improving the conversion efficiency at the level of research and development. This time, Panasonic, which is a leader in the development and practical use of heterojunctions, is also beginning to merge into heterojunctions and back contacts. It is estimated that this will affect the research and development trend of crystalline silicon solar cells in the future.
A laminate lighting system is a special lighting technology used to provide lighting effects for display and display devices such as laminates and display cabinets. Laminates are usually made of transparent or translucent materials, such as glass, acrylic, etc., to display products or items.
Laminate lighting By installing lamps under or on the side of the laminate, the light shines directly onto the laminate, achieving the highlight of the display items and creating an attractive effect. Common lighting methods include:
Laminate backlight lighting: The light is installed behind the laminate, and through the transparency of the laminate, the item shows a bright and uniform effect under the illumination of the light. In this way, the display items can look more vivid and eye-catching.
Laminate sidelight lighting: The light is installed on the side of the laminate, so that the light comes in from the side, through the refraction and reflection of the laminate, evenly illuminating the display items. In this way, the texture and details of the item can be highlighted, enhancing its attractiveness.
Laminate point lighting: The use of small, high-brightness lamps to focus the light on a specific location to highlight the focus or specific part of the display item. This is often used to highlight a product or specific detail to create a unique visual effect.
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