February 22, 2025

Research on BOM Management Technology in PDM

introduction

In the research and implementation of information integration, the enterprise information integration framework is a basic content, which directly determines the behavior of information interaction and sharing between product developers and the flow of product information, data on product information. The structure, the organizational model of the enterprise, and the establishment of the entire integrated product development environment have a profound impact.

In the manufacturing enterprise, the enterprise organizes new product development and production with BOM as the main line. BUM (bill of materials) is a product structure data file that can be recognized by a computer, and is a carrier that product data is transmitted throughout its life cycle. BOM runs through product concept design, calculation analysis, detailed design, process planning, prototype trial production, manufacturing, sales and maintenance until product demise.

As a management system for the production process of enterprises, PDM (Product Data Management) has been widely used in some famous foreign companies. ED Mill, president of CIM Dare, a well-known manufacturing information consultancy in the United States, gave the definition of PDM: "It is a technology that manages all product-related data and related processes." Specifically, it is the effective integration of all product-related data resources and process resources throughout the product life cycle. Building an effective PDM system is inseparable from the support of BOM. The BOM runs through the entire product life cycle, and different BOM views correspond to different stages. A BOM is a list of all sub-item items that make up a material item. This article will discuss the significant role of BOM in PDM systems and apply it to the construction of a small AutoCAD drawing management PDM system.

1 BOM model

The BOM is composed of item items. The so-called material item refers to a certain form that the raw material undergoes during the product formation process. For example, the parts produced or purchased by the company, from the parts of the parts to the final products, can be considered as material items. There are a variety of relationships between material items: including parent-child assembly relationships between parts and parts, descriptions between drawings and parts, relationships described, and alternative relationships between functionally similar parts. These relationships cannot be expressed in a single material item. Only multiple material items are combined to form a BOM, which is expressed by the BOM. Therefore, the BOM can also be regarded as an expression of the morphological change process of the object.

Generally speaking, the life cycle of a product can be divided into several parts: engineering design, process design, manufacturing and sales, etc., which also correspond to different departments of a company. For a department, it has a different understanding of the product, so the BOM view it needs to see is different. These four departments can correspond to these four BOM views: EBOM (Engineering Bill of Material), PBOM (Planning Bill of Materials), and MBOM (Manufacturing Bill of Materials). CBOM (Customer Bill of materials).

But for the entire production process, there is no such thing as a database such as BOM, such as a geometric database of dimensional representations of parts and models, an identification database for testing and analysis, and so on. How to physically combine the databases physically distributed in different locations to form a logically identical database leads to the concept of SSPD (Single Source of Product Data). It is able to establish strict constraints between different databases to ensure the consistency of the distributed database.

2 practical application

The following describes an AutoCAD drawing management PDM system based on BOM theory, detailing the BOM construction process.

A CAD design department used AutoCAD design drawings for a long time, leaving a lot of drawings. However, these large number of electronic drawings (or paper drawings) are distributed on the designer's computer. The format is not standardized, management is scattered, the degree of sharing is low, and the work efficiency of engineers and technicians is low, resulting in the loss of a large amount of technical data. In order to solve this problem, an AutoCAD drawing management system is urgently needed. According to the above theoretical analysis of BOM, after analyzing the various attributes of the drawings, several objects are obtained: projects, drawings, parts and personnel.

(1) The project corresponds to a general plan of the project, and also includes attributes such as the project name and the person in charge. According to the top-down design principle, the project can be divided into component parts, where the components can be composed of lower components and parts. In this sense, a project is a tree, as shown in Figure 1.

(2) Drawings are a concrete manifestation of a project. It is a detailed description of the project by the designer, including the general plan, part drawing, part drawing and so on.

(3) Parts and components are the specific existence of the real world. They may be designed by the design department, or they may be the basis that the design department can use.

(4) A person is a description of a person involved in a project.

According to the above description, design the database structure

According to the table, you can generate the required tree structure and at the same time get all the materials needed for this project, that is, the BOM. The detailed analysis is as follows:

(1) For any drawing drawing ID, if its parent drawing ID is NULL, it is the general drawing.

(2) For any drawing drawing ID, if its parent drawnng ID is not NULL, it can find its sibling node according to the parent-drawing ID.

(3) For any drawing drawing ID, the process of finding the byte point is the process of editing the table. If the parent drawing ID of a drawing ID is the drawing ID of the previous drawing, the found drawing is the front. The child node of that drawing.

(4) Use 0, 1, and 2 to represent the general drawing, part drawing, and part drawing, respectively. In the process of constructing the project tree, if type is 0 or 1, you must continue to search for this node child node; if type is 2, you will no longer look for child nodes in this node.

(5) The process of constructing a tree structure according to a database, and also the process of generating a BOM. Based on the drawing ID of each leaf node, and then combined with tblaccessory Draw and tbl Accessory, the BOM can be easily generated, which results in EBOM, which is the engineering bill of materials.

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