Soil conditioners have important effects on barrier soils

Soil acidification has become an important factor affecting agricultural production and the ecological environment. Soil acidification begins with active protons (H+). Due to the unstable nature of hydrogen clay, when the hydrogen ions adsorbed on the surface of soil organic mineral complex or aluminosilicate clay minerals reach a certain limit, the lattice structure of these particles will be It will be destroyed, and the aluminoxy octahedron will disintegrate, causing the aluminum ions to break away from the octahedral lattice and transform into exchangeable aluminum ions. The hydrolysis of soil exchangeable aluminum makes the soil exhibit acidity characteristics. According to the degree of hydrolysis, one Al3+ hydrolysis can produce 1 to 3 hydrogen ions. Weathering of primary and secondary minerals containing aluminum in acidic soils also accelerates the release of large amounts of aluminum ions, forming aluminum compounds that can be absorbed by plants. Excessive absorption of aluminum by plants not only reduces the quality of crop products, but also greatly affects the growth of plants, especially plant roots, and even causes plant poisoning to die. At the same time, the acidic soil reduces the cation exchange capacity and the saturation of the base, and the loss of calcium, magnesium and sulfur in the soil minerals is serious. Acidification can also enhance the fixation of phosphate and molybdate in the soil and reduce the effective phosphorus and molybdenum in the soil. Sex, affecting the normal growth and development of plants.

Soil salinization (alkali) refers to the process in which the salt of the soil or groundwater rises to the surface with the capillary water, and the water is evaporated to accumulate salt in the surface soil. Soil salinization not only destroys the soil structure, but also adversely affects crop growth and soil microbial activity. As the salt accumulates in the surface soil, the osmotic pressure of the soil solution is increased, and the difference in osmotic pressure with the root of the crop is reduced, thereby affecting the normal absorption of water and nutrients by the crop.

Soil drought has become a common condition in some areas or in certain crop growing areas. China's arid regions account for 30.8% of the country's land area, concentrated in the northwest, with Xinjiang's largest area. Xinjiang's total agricultural water use is 77.8 billion m3, accounting for 90% of total water consumption. Drought can also worsen the ecological environment and cause other natural disasters.

Soil biological barriers refer to the phenomenon that plant-soil interactions in the natural or farmland ecosystems cause soil biological populations to be adversely affected by certain plant growth and developmental changes. Continuous cropping obstacles are one of the main manifestations of soil biological barriers. Continuous cropping increased the number of harmful microorganisms in the soil, and soil-borne pests and diseases were serious, causing changes in soil microbial population and quantity. In addition, there is a certain interaction between soil biological barriers and soil physical and chemical properties. Continuous cropping can reduce the yield and quality of crops such as peanuts, tobacco and vegetables, and reduce economic benefits.

The application of soil conditioners is one of the main measures to repair degraded soils. Its main functions are: (1) to improve the soil quality, so that acidification, salinization, compaction, fertilization and excessive soil rejuvenation. (2) Improve the soil continuous cropping obstacles and provide a suitable soil environment for growth, which is conducive to the benign circulation of soil. (3) Improve crop yield, improve quality, reduce flowering and fruit drop, increase seed setting rate, early harvest and extend picking period, increase fruit nutrition level, and good commodity. (4) Prevent pests, pests and plants from harming plants, and enhance disease resistance, antibacterial and anti-reverse ability. (5) Decompose soil, plant fertilizers, pesticide residues, and passivate heavy metals to environmental pollution. (6) Improve soil water retention to improve soil adsorption performance.