At present, the low-cement refractory castables are the development direction of monolithic refractories, not only in the United States, France, Japan and the United Kingdom has made great progress, but also in China, India, Brazil and other countries due to the development of new metallurgical technology in the past 10 years Low cement refractory castables have also made great progress. Regrettably, Russia has also lagged behind in this respect. In addition to ceramic castables and vibratory castables in recent years, Russia has begun to develop processes for low-cement refractory castables. A variety of highly efficient monolithic refractories are successfully used in the various equipment of metallurgical enterprises in the CIS countries. The first is the application of low-cement refractory castables and products supplied by foreign companies, research and testing of monolithic refractories. Production has played a catalytic role. The above companies that apply monolithic refractories include: Oskol Electrometallurgical AG, Breznikov Magnesium Plant, Mitsich Machine Works, Magnitogorsk Steel Company, and San Lipei Tsk Steel Corporation and North Steel Corporation. Since the intrinsic criteria for the classification of new refractory castables have not been classified in the classification of refractory materials in Russia, and corresponding standards have not been established in international standards, it is best to refer to the experience of the United States and Europe. Both classifications were based on CaO content in the castable (see 1). The application of new grades of castables continues to expand, which is related to its significant advantages and possibilities: higher erosion resistance and deformation resistance, because CaO content is much lower than Cao content in common castables. Giant at low temperatures and at high temperatures (above cement dehydration temperature), the strength of the castables are higher than the strength of ordinary castables; open porosity depends on temperature, but below r00 °C open porosity is less than 17% , And there are ways to make it lower (ordinary castable porosity in the above temperature range is higher than 2%); and its pore size is also much smaller than the size of ordinary castable pores; due to CaO content is less, you can use more Extensive series of refractory aggregates, such as flaky aluminum oxide, fused corundum, clay clinker, etc., do not have to worry about obtaining a well-known multi-component compound which has a negative effect on the performance of the refractory in the aluminum silicate system; due to the fine pore structure The structure is filled with tiny pores that prevent it from forming micro cracks in the early stages of deformation, creating conditions for high thermal shock resistance. Low-cement and ultra-low-cement castables have been successfully used to replace traditional clays containing coal tars and synthetic resins in the tappets of large and medium-sized blast furnaces. Its service life is high – it can reach 100,000 tons of iron without intermediate repairs and after maintenance (no ecological problems) can reach more than roo million t of iron, causing users' interest. However, the use of iron binders containing organic binders is often accompanied by ecological problems. The undisputed advantage of the new iron channel material is that it can quickly build an iron trench lining and can be quickly overhauled when needed. In the Russian market there are numerous iron channels, among which the following companies are more famous: "Basalt-Feuerfest GmbH" company (Germany), "Veitseher,, company (Austria)", "Kurosaki" company and "Shinagawa" company old book ), "vezuuiusK. 5. R. “Company (UK), etc. The main components of this type of iron grit are “ALCOA†company's grade T-60 flake alumina (Germany), ACC’s brown flake alumina (India), listed The properties of low cement iron channel material (also called A12O3-SIC-C system castable for blast furnace iron channel) require a certain transformation of the blast furnace cast iron field when low iron casting material is used in the blast furnace iron channel. Requires improved technology for the use and maintenance of the iron lining. The low cement refractory castable in the lining of the blast furnace itself plays an auxiliary role. For example, spray paints with a low cement content are widely used to repair linings to minimize the shutdown rate and extend the service life. The application of low-cement refractory castables lined with iron ladle for transporting molten iron from blast furnaces to steel-making furnaces (this involves the use of iron ladle and torpedo-type iron water tankers) has also expanded; the unit consumption of refractories has been reduced and saved. Labor consumption. The construction process of the lining of the steel drum includes pouring the bottom of the bucket and reserving the grooves for use in injection and tapping devices; installing the metal formwork and injecting the castable in different ways around the annular gap; setting inside the formwork An electric vibrator (also a immersed vibrator) is used to apply vibration to the castable material through the formwork wall; after demoulding, the liner is usually dried for 3648 hours and then baked at 1100°C to 1200°C. Due to the presence of special moisture in both processes, proper equipment must be used to ensure that the procedural system is achieved using the appropriate microcomputer system and a sufficient number of sensors. The use of low-cement refractory castables in different parts of the electric furnace 1 1 furnace top; 2 1 furnace door; 3 a steel trough; 4 a water-cooled furnace top (3 sectors made of low-cement refractory castables); Ordinary roof (bricks used with low-cement refractory castables) are lined with linings in all parts of steelmaking furnaces, such as feed furnace doors, furnace door pockets, and tapping troughs, as well as main furnace tops, etc., which have long been used with low-cement refractory castables. Built linings (see 1); similar schemes are used on all types of ladle furnaces and furnace lids. Different types and shapes of burner bricks for furnaces and coke ovens have higher thermal shock resistance, lower porosity, higher strength, lower air permeability, and higher resistance to gas erosion. Today, such products are manufactured in a refractory plant or a metallurgical enterprise using a low cement vibratory refractory castable or a low cement self-diffusing refractory castable. After the emergence of low-cement refractory castables, new developments have been made in the spraying process. Kitchen & Bathroom Accessories Kitchen & Bathroom Accessories,Stainless Floor Drain,Bathroom Bidet Sprayer,Bathroom Jet Sprayer Kit kaiping aida sanitary ware technology co.,ltd , https://www.aidafaucets.com