Troubleshooting and Maintenance of Common Faults of Fire Trucks

Abstract: With the continuous development of urbanization and the continuous increase of urban floors, the fire ladder truck has emerged as the times require. Compared with traditional fire engines, the structure of fire ladder trucks is more complex and the requirements for safety levels are relatively high. At present, domestic research on troubleshooting and maintenance of common faults of fire-fighting ladder trucks is relatively inadequate. Based on these circumstances, the article takes the fire-fighting ladder truck as a starting point, discusses the overall structure of the fire-fighting ladder truck, and then discusses its common faults and maintenance measures. In order to provide guidance and reference for the current firefighting business.

Keywords: fire-fighting ladder; fault; elimination; maintenance

Foreword

Fire ladder truck is a new type of fire truck. Compared with traditional fire engines, fire ladder trucks are more complex and require more professional qualities for firefighters. However, for fire suppression of super high-rise buildings, fire fighting is involved. The ladder truck has a good effect, so it has received great attention from all levels of the fire department. At the same time, fire ladder trucks can also be used in high-altitude rescue operations. However, there are still relatively few researches on the troubleshooting and maintenance of the common faults of fire-fighting ladder trucks in the country. The failure of fire-fighting ladder trucks occurs from time to time.

In view of this, the article will review the troubleshooting of fire ladder trucks and the maintenance of fire ladder trucks, hoping to provide reference and suggestions for each fire department.

1 The overall structure of the fire ladder car

The advantage of fire ladder trucks is that all high-altitude fire protection work, engineering work and emergency rescue work can use fire-fighting ladder trucks. From this point of view, fire-fighting ladder trucks are an integrated fire-fighting vehicle. Due to the existence of the platform for climbing, the working height of the fire ladder truck has been greatly improved. This can allow the firefighters to approach the higher floors and implement the fire extinguishing. Moreover, traditional high-rise building rescue can also use the platform for climbing, which greatly enhances the success rate of high-level rescue. As a result, the importance of fire-fighting ladder trucks is reflected, and more and more attention has been paid to the fire departments at all levels. Fire ladder trucks play an important role in protecting the safety of people's lives and protecting the safety of state property and materials. With the continuous development of the national economy, fire-fighting ladder trucks will also play an increasingly important role.

Generally speaking, the fire ladder truck is composed of four major parts: chassis, turntable, ledge, and leveling system. The following four parts will be introduced.

( 1 ) Chassis

The most basic composition of the fire-fighting ladder car is the chassis, and the chassis removes the power devices that constitute the fire-fighting ladder truck. Fire-fighting ladders have high requirements for the chassis. They require the chassis to be flexible and easy to turn, and to be sufficiently stable. At present, the chassis of the fire-fighting ladder is generally transformed from a heavy-duty vehicle chassis and can basically meet the demand of fire-fighting ladder trucks.

( 2 ) Turntable

The turntable of the fire-fighting ladder is called the “rotary platform for fire-fighting ladders” and is a rack for mounting components such as booms. The turntable is generally composed of a hydraulic motor, a speed reducer, a slewing gear, etc., and can flexibly operate a boom system of a fire-fighting ladder.

( 3 ) Shelf

The most critical and important component of the fire ladder vehicle is the ledge. The ledge plays a role in carrying the firefighter. The firefighter can be lifted to the height required by the telescopic change. The boom forms of fire ladder trucks include folding arms, telescopic arms, and combination arms.

( 4 ) Leveling system

When the ledges of the fire-fighting ladder truck extend, the fire-extinguishing ladder car will inevitably be unbalanced due to the extension of the ledge. At this time, the leveling system will need to function. The significance of the leveling system of the fire ladder car is that when the fire ladder truck has a tendency to tilt, the leveling system will create a force that reacts with the tilt direction, so that the fire ladder truck restores balance to ensure the safety of work.

2 Common Faults of Fire Fighting Ladder Vehicles

Fire ladder truck is a kind of advanced fire-fighting tool, so its failure may be relatively low. However, due to improper operation during use and insufficient maintenance after use, fire-fighting ladder trucks will also have problems. The following article will outline some possible problems.

2.1 Failure of the mechanical mechanism

The failure of the mechanical structure of the fire ladder vehicle generally manifests itself as follows: the chassis of the fire-fighting ladder cannot be normally deployed during operation, the amplitude of the turntable is too small or even fails, the boom is not stretched or even moved, and the leveling system cannot adjust the balance. Through research, it has been found that the reason for these problems is that there are faults in the components of the fire truck.

2.2 Power System Failure

Because of the short-circuit-prone features of power, fire-fighting ladders' power systems are prone to failure. In general, the power system of fire ladder trucks will suffer from short circuit and poor contact, and even more serious may cause open circuit and leakage. Relevant personnel discovered through research and practice that in different regions, climates, and topography, the fire-fighting ladder vehicle's power system will have different failures, such as the solidification of lubricant oil due to low temperatures, resulting in increased work resistance of the power system of fire-fighting ladder trucks. Large, and then the resulting damage to the battery; Moreover, the hot weather will exacerbate the continuous high-temperature operation of the fire ladder vehicle power system, resulting in aging plastics in the power system, making its insulation effect greatly discounted; At the same time, acid rain is often seen in heavily polluted areas This phenomenon will cause failure of the parts of the power system of the fire-fighting ladder truck due to acidic corrosion. The emergence of these problems poses a greater threat to the efficiency and safety of the fire protection work.

2.3 Failure of the hydraulic system

The hydraulic system of the fire ladder truck has played a key role in controlling the opening of the chassis, the rotation of the turntable, the extension of the boom, and the balance adjustment of the leveling system. Once the hydraulic system has a problem, the fire ladder truck will not be able to work, so It is extremely important to find out and troubleshoot the hydraulic system fault of the fire ladder truck. In general, the hydraulic system of the fire ladder truck mainly changes the hydraulic pressure through the adjustment of the pressure reducing Valve. Therefore, once the preset hydraulic pressure value does not meet the pressure requirement of each component, the hydraulic system cannot work normally. This leads to problems such as the slow expansion and contraction of the horizontal bracket of the chassis and the problem of too little extension of the boom, and a sudden retraction phenomenon at a serious point.

3 fire ladder truck maintenance measures

In the above, we mentioned that one of the causes of failure of fire ladder trucks is their lack of maintenance and misconduct. Therefore, correct operation and maintenance of fire ladder trucks is an important method to reduce the occurrence of failures and extend the service life of fire ladder trucks. The following article will talk about the necessary maintenance measures for fire-fighting ladder trucks based on the common failures of the fire trucks mentioned above.

3.1 Maintenance of Mechanical Mechanism

When there is a problem with the components of the fire ladder vehicle, the mechanical failure of the fire ladder vehicle will occur. To solve this problem, workers need to regularly clean, stabilize, and lubricate the mechanical structure of fire ladder trucks. For example, after each firefighting operation, the telescopic device such as the chassis needs to be inspected. When the lubricating oil is not enough, it is added in time, and when the component is loose, it is reinforced, etc. to ensure the flexibility and stability of each component.

3.2 Maintenance of Power System

The maintenance of the power system of the fire ladder car includes: regularly checking the power supply system of the fire ladder car, such as whether the power line is damaged, whether the battery needs to add acid, to ensure the power safety of the fire ladder car; regularly check the electrical line is damaged, whether there is virtual Welding conditions; regular replacement of electrical components of the electrical system to ensure the safe and stable operation of the fire ladder vehicle power system.

3.3 Maintenance of Hydraulic System

The key to the operation of the hydraulic system of the fire ladder truck lies in the hydraulic oil , so it is necessary to ensure the purity of the hydraulic oil. The staff should regularly take out and clean the hydraulic oil and replace it before the hydraulic oil reaches the service life. During the operation of the fire ladder truck, the staff must ensure the real-time monitoring of the hydraulic system fuel tank. Once the hydraulic tank oil is less than four-fifths, the fuel should be added immediately to ensure the stable operation of the hydraulic system. In addition, it should be noted that the hydraulic oil may be mixed with air after extraction and cleaning. Once the air is dissolved in the oil, the hydraulic system components will cause noise and vibration problems during operation. This requires the staff to extract the oil and clean When the movements are smooth, the amplitude of movement is controlled to reduce the entry of air.

4 Conclusion

Above, we have outlined the common faults and maintenance of fire ladder trucks. We can know that despite the high technical content of fire ladder trucks, the fault rate is lower when they are actually used, but once the fire ladder truck is not properly operated and maintained, the mechanical mechanism There are various problems with the power system and the hydraulic system. The article analyzes these problems and proposes corresponding maintenance measures. This is of great significance for extending the service life of fire ladder trucks, ensuring the safety of fire fighters and ensuring the normal operation of fire fighting.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.