Plane ruled gratings are characterized by a superior efficiency at their design wavelength compared with holographic gratings. Plane Ruled gratings comprise the majority of diffraction gratings used in spectroscopic instrumentation and are especially useful in systems requiring high resolution.
China star optics can provide customers with a variety of replicated grating products such as diffraction gratings, reflective gratings,holographic gratings,concave gratings etc. to meet different needs. Maximum ruled area is up to 300 x 300 mm for plane ruled diffraction gratings. For replicated diffraction and transmission gratings the ruling density can be from 20 grooves per millimeter to 2400 grooves per millimeter, wavelength from 0.2 micron to 25 microns.
Plane Ruled Grating,Plane Ruled Diffraction Grating,Plane Reflection Grating,Plane Ruled Reflective Grating China Star Optics Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.realpoooptics.com
(1) Safety valves shall be provided on the outlet piping of displacement pumps such as electric reciprocating pumps, gear pumps or screw pumps. The vent tube of the safety valve shall be connected to the pump's population pipeline, and an accident parking interlock device shall be provided (except if the safety valve of the equipment itself already exists);
(2) Safety valves shall be provided at the exits of each section of the flammable gas reciprocating compressor. The venting tube of the safety valve shall be connected to the inlet pipe of each section of the compressor or to the population pipe of the compressor section;
(3) Flammable gas and flammable liquids The pipes that may exceed the design pressure by thermal expansion shall be provided with safety valves;
(4) Safety valves or other safety measures shall be provided on the liquefied hydrocarbon pipelines that may be closed at both ends and cause pressure rise;
(5) Where the equipment connected to the outlet of a blower, centrifugal compressor, centrifugal pump or steam reciprocating pump cannot withstand the maximum pressure, the outlet piping of the above-mentioned pump shall be provided with a safety valve. The above pipelines may cause explosion accidents due to fires, operational failures, or water cuts, power outages, etc., causing the pressure in the pipelines to exceed the design pressure. Therefore, safety valves or other safety measures should be provided.
Holographic gratings:
Specifications:
Ruled area: <=70 * 70mm
Wavelength range: 0.2-0.8um
Grooves per mm: 1,200 to 3,600L/mm
Diffraction: >70%
Ruled gratings:
Specifications:
Ruled area: <=70 * 70mm
Wavelength range: 0.2-15um
Grooves per mm: 50 to 2,400L/mm
Diffraction: >70%
Concave gratings:
Specifications:
Ruled area: <=70 * 70mm
Wavelength range: 200 to 900um
Grooves per mm: 490 to 1,200L/mm
Diffraction: >70%
Which piping to install safety valve
In order to ensure the safety of pressure pipelines, the following pressure pipelines shall be provided with safety valves: