For the Chinese PV industry, September 2012 is doomed to be quiet. After the European Union launched its anti-dumping investigation on Chinese PV companies in early September, the European Photovoltaic Industry Alliance launched another attack. On September 25, the European Photovoltaic Industry Union filed an application with the European Union requesting it to initiate a "countervailing" investigation on China's photovoltaic products. However, the EU's "double counterattacks" also coincides with the introduction of the "12th Five-Year Plan" for the development of solar power generation. In the face of "double opposition", is it actively saving the market or the market to make the survival of the fittest? During an exclusive interview with the China Economic Herald, Dr. Zeng Shaojun, Secretary-General of the New Energy Chamber of Commerce of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and Executive Director of the CDM Research and Development Center at Tsinghua University, explained in detail the complex dilemmas faced by China's photovoltaic industry in light of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Solar Power Developmentâ€. "Save the market". In the face of trade protectionism, the country should decisively “rescue†photovoltaics Reporter: When the EU's "double counterattacks" struck, many voices believed that the timing for China's photovoltaic life and death had arrived. How do you see the "double reverse" behavior of the chain reaction of the United States, the European Union, and India? Should we take the opportunity to allow the market to excel in the survival of enterprises, or should we increase support to help PV companies tide over difficulties? Zeng Shaojun: There is no doubt that behind the chain reaction is the competition for economic interests. It is a competition for industrial development. The rapid development of China has touched the nerves of relevant interest countries. Therefore, these countries will target China directly. I do not advocate the survival of the fittest in the general sense. This is irresponsible to the industry. This will cause very serious employment problems. The state should decisively introduce the photovoltaic "rescue" policy. For those who have skills in technology, management, and marketing, provide support. There are three ways to help companies tide over the difficulties: First, banks should screen the photovoltaic industry for loans, and they should treat crystalline silicon photovoltaics and thin-film photovoltaics differently. After all, trade frictions between the United States and Europe are only aimed at crystalline silicon photovoltaics; Second, promote industrial organizations to set up industrial investment funds to support the development of the industry and use private funds to participate in development. Third, for difficult companies, they should clean up taxes, social security funds and other burdens, give these difficult companies breathing opportunities, and take slow The policies of support for less, less pay, and exemptions helped them tide over the difficulties. Enterprises were the source of tax revenue, and the state was required to collect taxes. Only the development of enterprises had revenue. New energy is still "impetuous" and should be subsidized first and then reduced Reporter: Prior to the publication of the “12th Five-Year Plan†for the development of solar power generation, many forecasts believe that by the end of 2015, in order to mitigate the pressure from foreign trade protectionism and the phenomenon of “three out of the world†of Chinese PV, The capacity will be planned to reach 40 GW, but we noticed that the installed capacity in the Plan is 21GW, which is nearly half. Does the country have some consideration when planning the installed capacity? What are the factors that should be based on the planning of installed capacity? Zeng Shaojun: "Planning" is considered. First, the state has already noticed the blindness and impulsiveness of companies investing in photovoltaic projects. “Planning†is a guiding signal and is deliberately designed to be prudent. Second, the state also considers the difficulties in grid connection and grid construction in large-scale power plants. Speed ​​can not keep up with the development of the industry and other issues, so the country plans to adopt a conservative strategy. When considering the planning of installed capacity, I think that based on the following factors: first, the speed of grid construction; second, the capacity of power grid acceptance; third, the rate of decline in the cost of photovoltaic electricity; and fourth, the challenge of climate change. Reporter: The "Planning" put forward a combination of the power system reform, the reform of the electricity price mechanism, the improvement of the solar power generation policy system and development mechanism, and the establishment of a market competition mechanism for the development of distributed renewable energy. How do you think that the reform of the power system and the price mechanism should be gradually adapted to the development of renewable energy? What kind of market environment is best for renewable energy power generation? Zeng Shaojun: The power system reform should insist on the separation of plant and network. The assets managed by the State Power Corporation are divided into two types of businesses: power generation and power grids, and assets, finances, and personnel are reorganized separately. The reform of the electricity price system should adopt the benchmark price of electricity that is commonly used in the world, instead of the lowest price formed after bidding competition. Regardless of the experience of wind power and solar energy, the bidding power price objectively lowers the level of power generation prices in the industry, and at the same time it also squeezes the profit margin of the industry, which undermines the enthusiasm of investors for sustainable investment and is not conducive to the healthy development of the industry. Because of its innovative and risky characteristics, the new energy industry is still in the initial stage of development. The mechanism of electricity price formation for renewable energy should be to adopt high subsidies first, foster industrial development, and then slowly reduce subsidies, so that it is beneficial Industrial health development model. The development of entry standards must be combined by entrepreneurs, experts, and national “three companies†Reporter: With respect to the issue of overcapacity in the photovoltaic industry, it is particularly urgent to establish strict admission standards. "Planning" mentioned in the "safeguard measures" that "strictly admitting standards and standardizing market access mechanisms." But at present, it seems that only the polysilicon industry has access standards, and the industry's other chains do not have clear access standards. I don't know what you think. How should the standard be formulated, how should it be supervised and how should it be implemented? Zeng Shaojun: Standards are a new issue in the development of solar energy. Photovoltaics was first applied in public buildings and military fields. The development was too rapid and standards did not keep up. We should choose the leading companies to carry out the company's standard, form the standard through the corporate standard, form the national standard through the standard, and then formulate the national standard and then dock with the world standard. These will be conducive to the protection of the entire industry and enterprises after the dispute. Standards cannot be closed behind the wheel. Entrepreneurs, experts, countries, and the “three companies†must be combined. Reporter: "Planning" proposed in the "key task" during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" to build 100 new energy demonstration cities and 1,000 new energy demonstration parks. In the current situation of overcapacity in the photovoltaic industry, many voices believe that the blind support of local government guarantee loans and the use of financial assistance for underwriting has led to the abnormal development of many photovoltaic industries. How to avoid these situations in the process of building a new energy demonstration city? What kind of city can become a new energy demonstration city? Zeng Shaojun: To integrate new energy and construction as much as possible, it is necessary to strengthen the implementation of new energy and building integration in the process of urbanization. In addition, new cities must be included in the planning from the beginning, and the transformation of old urban buildings should be gradually combined with new energy. Attention should be paid to the proportional distribution of new and old buildings combined with new energy sources. Constraints on local debt are problems that the central government and the financial management system have to study. New officials ignore old accounts, local governments blindly develop based on their achievements, and the issues of change will hinder the development of the park. In the selection of demonstration cities and demonstration parks, we must adhere to the principle of openness, impartiality, and transparency. Inviting authoritative experts to use anonymous and independent selection mechanisms for selection, local people’s congress legislative bodies should also participate in the supervision of decision-making and implementation processes. Come. 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