Quenching is to heat the metal parts above the phase transition temperature, and after cooling, the martensite structure is sharply cooled in the quenching medium; thereby improving or adjusting the hardness and wear resistance of the parts. In this process, the quenching medium (quenching liquid) is required to have good low deformation, low cracking, heat resistance, detergency, degreasing, rust prevention, cooling, brightness, and the like. Generally, the quenching liquid is divided into oil-based type and water-based type according to the composition. Oil-based quenching fluid The earliest oil used is animal and vegetable oil, which has a weak cooling capacity, but still has sufficient cooling capacity, and has little effect on the quenching ability when the oil temperature rises, and is an ideal quenching medium. Due to the price and the source of raw materials, the industry uses mineral oil, such as 0# diesel, mechanical oil of 15~32# viscosity grade. Mineral oils have different cooling capacities depending on their viscosity and flash point, and their use temperatures are also different. Because of its slow cooling rate, carbon steel and low alloy steel with large cross section are not hard to be hardened, and the surface of the material is easy to be stained, and the use of oil has certain limitations. In order to improve the cooling ability of the oil, a method of appropriately raising the oil temperature (usually adjusted within a range of 80 ° C or less), a strong stirring cycle, and adding an additive may be employed. Adding additives such as sodium sulfonate, sulfonium sulfonate, calcium sulfonate, calcium naphthenate to the oil, and when quenching and cooling, the additive adheres to the surface of the workpiece to become the particle point of the vapor of the second female product, so that the stable vapor film is not easily formed. The cooling capacity of the high temperature zone is increased, and this oil is called "quick quenching oil". In addition, in the light oil and quenching oil extracted by solvent refining method, heat stabilizer, ashless surfactant, 1% of sodium oxazoline sodium oleate and 0.3% T501 are used to make the surface of the workpiece quenched quickly. It is coated with oil film to infiltrate without depositing carbon black on the surface, so that the surface of the workpiece is bright and clean after quenching. This oil is called “bright quenching oilâ€. In addition, the addition of a surfactant to the mineral oil can quench the metal uniformly and facilitate the cleaning of the mineral oil after quenching. For example, a 2% to 5% nonionic emulsifier such as nonylphenol polyoxyethylene (6) ether is added to the quenching mineral oil, and the metal product is quenched and then rinsed with water to remove the mineral oil. Water-based quenching liquid Water is the most economical quenching medium. It has high chemical stability and large heat capacity. However, the cooling capacity of pure water in the high temperature zone is not strong, but the cooling capacity is very high near 300 °C. Therefore, the cooling characteristics of pure water are exactly opposite to the characteristics of the ideal quenching medium we require, which is the minimum of pure water. The reason for use. Commonly used water-based quenching liquids include brine, alkaline water, saturated calcium chloride, aqueous trinitrogen (NaNO3, NaNO2, KNO3), and aqueous organic polymer solutions. In the late 1950s, the United States proposed non-toxic, odorless, non-combustible and cooling properties between water and oil, adjustable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), aqueous quenching medium, and later developed into polyalkylene glycol ( Organic high molecular polymer water-based quenching liquid such as PAG), polyoxyethylene glycol (GLY) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). In the late 1970s, non-martensitic quenching liquid-alkaline polyacrylate (ACR) suitable for bainite quenching was developed, which has high viscosity and is suitable for austempering, forging hot forging, high speed steel and horse. Quenching of stainless steel. In addition, there are new quenching liquids such as polyacrylamide (PAM), methyl cellulose (CMC) and high molecular weight poly soap aqueous solutions. The polyether obtained by ring-opening polymerization of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide has reverse solubility, which makes it excellently lubricated in water-based metalworking fluids (such as cutting fluids, grinding fluids, quenching fluids). effect. When the polyether solution is brought into the cutting zone and the hot metal surface is encountered, the liquid temperature rises rapidly above the cloud point of the polyether. At this time, the polyether is precipitated from the water to form tiny droplets of oil, which form a thin lubricating oil film on the metal surface to act as a fluid lubricant. Tests have shown that 5% of the concentrate of the polyether solution has the same lubricating properties when the temperature is above the cloud point. At room temperature, the polyether is easily soluble in water, and its aqueous solution has many excellent properties required for quenching liquid, so it is widely used in quenching liquid. The monomer used to prepare the "conventional polyether" must include ethylene oxide, and the mass fraction thereof is preferably 70% to 90%, at least 10%, in the entire molecule. It is also possible to use only one monomer of ethylene oxide. Other monomers include C3~4 lower epoxides, such as two isomers of propylene oxide, tetraoxyfuran and sulfobutane. The relative molecular mass of “traditional polyether†is about 20,000, which belongs to the category of medium-high relative molecular mass. It is mostly prepared by a "step-by-step synthesis method" in which a polyether having a relative molecular mass of several hundred to several thousands is synthesized by using a general method using propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, and then the polymer is used as a starter. The monomer continues to polymerize to produce a higher molecular weight polyether. Repeat the above steps several times to obtain the desired molecular weight of the product. Heteropoly copolymers and mosaic copolymers of ethylene oxide with another monomer may be referred to as "conventional polyethers". Alcohols, amines commonly used in the preparation of "traditional polyether" initiators. A large number of patents on the synthesis and application of polyethers for water-based quenching liquids have been reported abroad, and have entered the stage of industrial production and application. Our country's research in this area started late, and many products still need to be imported. In recent years, more time-modified polyethers have been studied. PAG quenching liquid is a kind of water and quenching liquid which is widely used in industry. It is a specific polyether non-ionic high molecular polymer (PAG) plus a composite additive and vector water configuration which can obtain other auxiliary properties. Into. Especially for medium and low hardenability steels that seek a cooling rate between water and oil, PAG is an ideal quenching liquid. The purpose of using PAG quenching agents is to adjust the cooling characteristics of the water. During the quenching process, PAG forms a rapid film, the cooling capacity can be changed with the adjustment of the concentration, the quenching hardness is uniform, and the tempering can be directly tempered without quenching after quenching. The cooling characteristics of the quenching liquid are determined by the characteristics and quantity of the PAG component therein. Other additives that provide ancillary properties have little effect on the cooling performance of the quenching fluid. However, in quenching production, the removal of the workpiece and the high temperature oxidative decomposition will reduce the amount of PAG polymer. During the quenching process, the liquid temperature around the workpiece rises, the PAG polymer is desolvated from the solution and adheres to the surface of the workpiece in the form of a water-rich coating by its wettability, thereby adjusting the cooling rate of the workpiece. After the workpiece is cooled down, the polymer adhering to the surface of the workpiece dissolves into the quenching liquid. It takes a certain time to re-dissolve, and in the production, it is often necessary to wait until the polymer is dissolved back to remove the workpiece from the quenching liquid. Because the PAG content of the liquid from the workpiece is often higher than the average concentration of PAG in all quenching liquids. After long-term and large amount of quenching, the relative concentration of PAG in the quenching liquid will inevitably decrease gradually. In addition, PAG has high chemical stability, does not react with common acids and bases at room temperature, and is only oxidatively decomposed under the conditions of high temperature of 250 ° C and presence of oxygen. During the quenching process, most of the PAG polymer film adhered to the surface of the workpiece can be maintained at a temperature not higher than the boiling point of water because the water and fertilizer around it and the surrounding water are vaporized. However, the portion immediately adjacent to the surface of the workpiece may still rise to a higher temperature and undergo oxidative decomposition, resulting in a decrease in the PAG content. Thus, the relative content of other additive components in the quenching liquid will increase, eventually affecting the quenching efficiency. PAG quenching liquid has remarkable advantages for quenching of aluminum alloy, and the quenching efficiency of aluminum plate is reduced by 60% compared with the efficiency of hot water quenching. However, PAG quenching liquid has a faster cooling rate than oil in the martensite transformation zone of most steel parts, so it has certain limitations on the quenching and tempering of high alloy steel. PVP and ACR quenching liquids were developed to compensate for the above-mentioned shortcomings of PAG, but the two polymers have no reverse solubility. The polymer adhered to the surface of the workpiece after quenching needs to be cleaned, plus its processability and stability step and PAG. Applications are also limited. PEO (polyvinyl oxazoline) quenching liquid AQ3610's patented product of Houghton International Co., Ltd. has reverse solubility and viscosity is much lower than that of PAG quenching liquid, thus reducing the amount of polymer taken out after quenching of the workpiece. Moreover, it has a unique cooling performance, the cooling rate at 300 ° C is as slow as the oil-based quenching liquid, and the cooling rate in the high temperature region is faster than the oil. 5%~25% of AQ3610 quenching liquid can meet the cooling speed requirement from induction hardening to large forgings and castings. After quenching, it can be directly tempered without cleaning. In recent years, with the increasing shortage of petroleum resources and the common emphasis on environmental protection by humans, a large number of water-based quenching liquids have been widely used in heat treatment processes, such as the above polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyalkylene glycol ( Strong polar groups such as PAG), polyoxyethylene glycol (GLY), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), basic polyacrylate (ACR), polyacrylamide (PAM), methyl cellulose (CMC), etc. The water-based quenching liquid composed of a high molecular polymer as a base thickener has become a future development direction. 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