February 22, 2025

Finds protein molecules that enhance antiviral response

Japanese researchers have discovered a protein molecule that can increase the secretion of type I interferons with antiviral activity. This result will hopefully make it possible to artificially enhance the antiviral response of the body.

According to a report by the Japanese media recently, the Japan Institute of Physics and Chemistry recently issued a press release saying that when a virus invades the human body, Toll-like receptors in the immune system will recognize the virus and send signals to plasmacytoid dendritic cells to receive signals. The plasmacytoid dendritic cells produce type I interferon antiviral.

It is reported that the specific mechanism for the production of type I interferon by plasmacytoid dendritic cells is not known, but a protein molecule named PDC-TREM receives only Toll-like receptors on plasmacytoid dendritic cells. The signal is sent out before it is expressed. Researchers at the Institute of Immunization and Allergy Science at the Institute of Physical and Chemical Research found that if PDC-TREM is inhibited, the amount of type I interferon production is only about 10% of the normal state. Conversely, the full expression of PDC-TREM can promote plasmacytoid dendritic cells to produce more Type I interferons than normal. Type I interferons produced by plasmacytoid dendritic cells play an important role in preventing viral infections such as hepatitis C and influenza. Experts pointed out that the discovery of the role of PDC-TREM made it possible to artificially enhance the body's antiviral response.

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