February 22, 2025

Introduction of lobular rosewood

There are many kinds of wood belonging to the genus Pterocarpus, but there is only one kind of rosewood recognized in the botanical world. The sandalwood rosewood, commonly known as the "small leaf sandalwood", is also known as the green dragon wood, which is mainly produced in India and the Malay Peninsula and the Philippines. There are also a small number of production in Hunan, Guangdong and Yunnan in China. Morphological characteristics of lobular sandalwood: arbor, the trunk is straight, the bark is dark brown, and it is deeply split into rectangular slices. The sap of the trunk is dark red. 3-5 leaflets, generally elliptic or ovate, 9-15 cm long, yellow or yellow with yellow flowers, flowering period from November to December, fruit-shaped, fruiting period from April to May.

The ancient Chinese understanding and use of rosewood began in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, Jin. Cui Bao's "Ancient and Modern Notes" has a record, called "red sandalwood, out of Funan, color purple, also known as red sandalwood." In the Ming Dynasty (AD 1368-1644), red sandalwood was valued by the royal family. The development of maritime traffic and Zheng He's voyages to the Western Ocean seven times have communicated trade and cultural exchanges with the countries of Nanyang. In regular and irregular trade relations with China, countries often have a certain amount of valuable wood, including rosewood. However, this is far from satisfying the needs of China's huge ruling group. Therefore, the Ming government sent officials to Nanyang to purchase. Subsequently, private business trafficking also came into being. By the end of the Ming Dynasty, high-quality wood from all parts of Nanyang had been basically destroyed. Especially the rosewood is almost completely bundled. As of the end of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the vast majority of the world's red sandalwood was collected in China. The rosewood used in the Qing Dynasty was all collected in the Ming Dynasty. Historical records were recorded. In the Qing Dynasty, people were sent to Nanyang to collect rosewood, but most of them were thick and not gripped, and the festival was not straight. Not available at all. This is because the rosewood grows slowly, it can't be grown for hundreds of years, the harvest in the Ming Dynasty is exhausted, the time has not resurrected, and the source is exhausted. This is also an important reason why rosewood is cherished by the world.

Westerners such as Europe and the United States pay more attention to rosewood than China, because they have never seen the sandalwood material, and think that it can only be used as a small object. It is said that there is a five-inch long rosewood raft model in front of Napoleon's tomb. Visitors are all amazed and think rare. It was not until the late Ming and early Qing dynasties that Western missionaries came to China and saw many red sandalwoods. Only then did they know that the red sandalwood elite was in China. So many parties bought and shipped back to China. The red sandalwood utensils circulating in Europe and the United States are basically shipped from China. Due to transportation difficulties, they generally do not buy the whole piece of utensils, only the cabinet door, box surface and other patterns. After transporting it back, install the wooden frame for the decoration.

In the middle of the Qing Dynasty, due to the shortage of rosewood, the Royals also purchased rosewood from high prices from time to time. In the Qing Dynasty Office, there are records of the purchase of rosewood almost every year. During this period, an unwritten rule was gradually formed, that is, no matter which level of bureaucracy, as long as you see the rosewood, never let go, learn to buy it, turn it over to the royal or local weaving institutions. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, all the wooden materials hoarded by private merchants in all parts of the country were all bought out. These woods were used to decorate the Yuanmingyuan and the Palace of Taishang Emperor in the palace. They used a large number of them; after the 60th birthday of Tongzhi, Guangxu and Cixi, there was very little left; By the time of Yuan Shikai, the only remaining rosewood would be used up.

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