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French and Russian scientists recently discovered a special magnetic field disturbance on a two-dimensional superconducting material, just like tiny oscillation stars. These excited states result from the magnetic atoms incorporated into the superconducting material, which means that the “YU-Ziba-Rusinov†state (YSR state) chain is not only a theory but can also be observed in experiments. The researchers said that this achievement may open up new ways for manufacturing quantum computers.
The YSR state was proposed by Chinese physicist Yu Wei and Japanese and Soviet scientists in the 1960s. They predict that the magnetic atoms incorporated into superconducting materials must form a special excited state around them—an electron-hole standing wave. This is called the “Yu-Ziba-Rusinov†state. . According to calculations, it is possible to form topologically conductive regions around these YSR states, where current can only flow in one direction.
According to a recent news from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (MIPT) in Moscow, under the guidance of the Laboratory of Quantum Phenomenon of the Superconducting System Topology, Dmitry Rodichev, Professor of the Advanced Physical Chemistry Institute of Paris, constructed a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope. For the first time, personnel observed high-quality YSR states.
The two-dimensional superconducting material used in the experiment was a yttrium selenide crystal. The YSR state observed by the researchers is trapped around the magnetic atoms incorporated into the two-dimensional superconducting material, and in a two-dimensional system, the magnetic disturbances span farther and more stable distances. If they can be arranged into a suitable array, it is expected to be used in quantum electronic devices.
Vasily Stoyarov, head of the MIPT Superconducting System Topology Quantum Phenomenon Laboratory, said that they have demonstrated that using two-dimensional materials instead of three-dimensional materials will expand the YSR state space by several tens of nanometers, compared to the general three-dimensional superconducting materials. Zhongda 10 times. The rays are emitted along the crystal lattice axis of the selenide germanium, forming an excitation surface like a hexagonal electron star. These "stars" are more stable and more suitable for generating new topological protection.
For many years, scientists have been trying various schemes to build the basis of quantum computers. However, quantum systems are extremely sensitive to external influences. One of the effects is to use topological protection of electronic states to resist decoherence. The researchers pointed out that in the two-dimensional superconductor's magnetic atom chain or magnetic atom group, it may create a more flexible topological protection quantum state to avoid decoherence, thus opening up a new route for the creation of quantum computers. The related papers were published in the recent "Nature & Physics" magazine.