For the wire and cable industry, the most obvious material replacement is the replacement of copper conductors with aluminum conductors. In the relative cost of copper and aluminum conductors, factors such as price, specific gravity and electrical conductivity need to be considered to determine the true cost of using aluminum conductors to save costs. Copper is heavier than aluminum. The specific gravity of copper is 8.9 g.cm3, and the specific gravity of aluminum is 2.7 g/cm3, that is, in the case where the conductor specifications are the same, the weight of the copper conductor is 3.3 times that of the aluminum conductor. However, the conductivity of aluminum is only 61% of copper, that is, the cross section of the aluminum conductor is 61% larger than that of the copper conductor under the same transmission current. Therefore, in terms of the weight of the conductor, in order for the two conductors to have the same current carrying capacity, the required copper conductor has a weight approximately twice that of the aluminum conductor. In addition, the price ratio of copper to aluminum is about 3.5, so the cost of the equivalent copper conductor is seven times that of the aluminum conductor. Of course, the simple cost comparison described above does not explain all the problems. Since the cable product is a product with standard conductor specifications, it is impossible to buy an aluminum core cable with the same conductivity as the copper core cable. Therefore, if a cable is made of an aluminum conductor, it is necessary to use an aluminum conductor having a larger cross section. Experience has shown that in the case of equal current carrying capacity, the conductor cross section of the aluminum core cable should be twice the cross section of the copper core cable conductor. Since the cross section of the aluminum core cable conductor is twice that of the copper core cable conductor, the subsequent increase in the insulation, sheathing and armor material of the aluminum core cable weakens the price advantage of using the aluminum conductor. That is to say, the price advantage of aluminum and copper is not significant, because the conductor is only a small part of the overall cable cost. Taking a 70mm2 copper core cable as an example, the cost of a copper conductor is about 65% of the cost of the entire cable, and the cost of a 120mm2 aluminum core cable with the same current carrying capacity can be saved by 23.5%. If the cost of the copper conductor accounts for 80% of the cost of the entire cable, then the aluminum core cable with the same current carrying capacity can save up to 46%. Aluminum core cables lose their cost advantage only if the cost of the copper conductor in the cable drops below 50% of the cost of the entire cable. Nowadays, the cost of most copper core low-voltage cables and many medium-voltage cable conductors has exceeded 50%, so the cost-saving advantages of aluminum-core power cables are quite obvious compared with copper-core power cables. Concerned about surprises Tags: wire and cable industry aluminum conductor instead of copper conductor analysis Previous: The role and note of aluminum alloy door and window hardware in the door and window system Next: Let the smart lock durable method
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